Guide
Guide | Reference

16  Obsessions, Compulsions, and Stuckness

16.1 Summary

  • Intrusive thoughts, images, or urges paired with repetitive behaviors or mental rituals that feel hard to resist.

16.2 Patient-Language Phrases

  • “I can’t stop thinking about it.”
  • “I have to check or repeat things to feel okay.”
  • “I get stuck on certain thoughts.”
  • “I do it even though I know it doesn’t make sense.”

16.3 Core Features

  • Intrusive thoughts or urges that feel unwanted.
  • Compulsions, checking, reassurance seeking, or mental rituals.
  • Sense of relief followed by return of doubt or distress.

16.4 Boundary Markers

  • What it is: repetitive thoughts or behaviors driven by distress or uncertainty.
  • What it is not: goal-directed habits or preferences without distress.

16.5 Quick Structure

  • Variants / Spectrum
    • Checking and reassurance loops.
    • Contamination or harm-focused fears.
    • Symmetry or “just right” compulsions.
    • Body-focused repetitive behaviors (skin, hair).
    • Health or illness-focused rumination.
  • Severity (0-4)
    • 0: No significant intrusive thoughts or rituals.
    • 1: Mild, occasional, manageable.
    • 2: Moderate, recurring, impacts focus or time use.
    • 3: Severe, frequent, time-consuming or impairing.
    • 4: Extreme, disabling or unsafe.
  • Time-course
    • Chronic with fluctuating intensity.
    • Trigger-linked spikes.
  • Functional impact
    • Work/school: reduced focus, time lost to rituals.
    • Relationships: reassurance seeking or conflict.
    • Self-care: delays or avoidance.
  • Developmental expression
    • Childhood: rituals or checking that intensify under stress.
    • Adolescence: increased rumination and reassurance.
    • Late life: health anxiety or checking related to safety.
  • Cultural/context notes
    • Some rituals are culturally normative; assess distress and impairment.