Guide
Guide
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Reference
29 Predominant Mood and Drive Prototypes
29.1 Summary
- Prototypes dominated by shifts in mood tone, energy, and drive that shape function and risk.
29.2 Included Prototypes (Guide exemplars)
- Major Depressive Episode Prototype (exemplar).
- Bipolar Spectrum Episode Prototypes (exemplar).
- Full catalog appears in the Clean Reference.
29.3 How to Use This Cluster
- Start with the Atlas entry for affect and mood experiences.
- Rate the Mood and Drive Dysregulation domain.
- Apply a prototype label only when it improves communication or documentation.
29.4 Boundary Markers
- What it is: mood/drive patterns that dominate functioning or risk.
- What it is not: short-lived, proportional reactions to clear events.
29.5 Common Overlap
- Sleep and circadian disruption.
- Anxiety and threat sensitivity.
- Somatic distress or fatigue.
29.6 Major Depressive Episode Prototype (Exemplar)
29.6.1 Summary
- A pattern of sustained low mood or loss of interest with reduced drive and functional impairment.
29.6.2 Prototype Features
- Persistent low mood, emptiness, or anhedonia.
- Reduced energy, motivation, or concentration.
- Sleep or appetite disturbance.
29.6.3 Threshold Guidance
- Use when low mood/anhedonia is prominent, sustained, and impairing.
29.6.4 Expected Domain Profile
- Mood and Drive Dysregulation: moderate to high (low mood, low drive).
- Arousal, Sleep, and Circadian Regulation: mild to moderate disruption.
29.6.5 Time-Course and Trajectory
- Often episodic with variable recovery.
- May be triggered by losses or stressors.
29.6.6 Differential and Red Flags
- Bereavement or situational sadness without persistent impairment.
- Substance or medication effects.
- Medical contributors (endocrine, neurologic).
- Psychosis or catatonia signals elevated risk.
29.6.7 Specifiers
Specifiers: course + contributors + risk, as relevant; see Reference for full.
29.7 Bipolar Spectrum Episode Prototypes (Exemplar)
29.7.1 Summary
- A set of episodic patterns marked by elevated or irritable mood with increased energy, drive, or activity, often alternating with low mood periods.
29.7.2 Prototype Features
- Elevated, expansive, or irritable mood with increased activity or drive.
- Decreased need for sleep or heightened goal-directed behavior.
- Risk-taking, impulsivity, or agitation in elevated states.
29.7.3 Threshold Guidance
- Use when elevated or mixed states are distinct, recurrent, and impairing or risky.
29.7.4 Expected Domain Profile
- Mood and Drive Dysregulation: high variability or mixed elevation/low.
- Arousal, Sleep, and Circadian Regulation: notable disruption.
29.7.5 Time-Course and Trajectory
- Episodic with variable duration and recovery.
- May show cyclicity or seasonal patterns.
29.7.6 Differential and Red Flags
- Substance or medication-induced elevation.
- Sleep deprivation or circadian disruption alone.
- Psychosis during elevated states.
29.7.7 Specifiers
Specifiers: course + contributors + risk, as relevant; see Reference for full.